Viewpoints are done by economists and focus on the economic topic in question. Disclaimer The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in the following Viewpoints are those of the author(s) and do not reflect the official policy of the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent. | | 
| August 2006 Health Financing in Africa - Further Thoughts on Abuja In this Economic Viewpoint, Chris Atim, Specialist on Health Economics and Financing at the HLSP Institute in London discusses some health financing issues from the African Union Special Summit on HIV/AIDS, TB and Malaria and the new WHO AFRO Health Financing Strategy which will be adopted by the 56th Council of Health Ministers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in August 2006. |  | June 2006 Health Financing in Developing Countries by George Schieber, Consultant, Former Health Policy Advisor in the HNP Hub and Former Sector Manager Health and Social Protection for the Middle East and North Africa Region in the World Bank. |  | March 2006 Health Care and the Marketplace by John C. Langenbrunner, Senior Economist, World Bank. | 
| February 2006 Reaching the Poor by Abdo S. Yazbeck, Lead Economist, Health at the World Bank Institute. |  | January 2006 Introducing Market Forces into Health Care: A Tale of Two Countries by Alain Enthoven, Marriner S. Eccles Professor of Public and Private Management (Emeritus), Graduate School of Business, Stanford University. |  | December 2005 Treatment and Prevention of HIV/AIDS in India: Modeling the Costs and Consequences by Mead Over, Lead Economist, The World Bank and co-author Prasada Rao, former Director of India's National AIDS Control Organization. |  | August 2005 Understanding Fiscal Space by Peter S. Heller, Deputy Director of the Fiscal Affairs Department of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). |  | July 2005 Investing in Health
by Guillem López Casasnovas, Professor of Economics and Director of the Center of Research in Economics and Health at Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain. | 
| March 2005 Prospects for Real Voluntary Health Insurance in Developing Countries by Mark Pauly, Bendheim Professor, Professor of Health Care Systems, Business and Public Policy, and Risk and Insurance, Wharton School, and Professor of Economics, University of Pennsylvania. |  | May 2004 Distinguishing Public and Private in Health: It's Easy by April Harding, Senior Private Sector Development Specialist, Health, Nutrition and Population Anchor, The World Bank. |  | April 2004 Healthcare for the two Billion Poor — Is Community Financing a Viable Solution? by William Hisao, K.T. Lee Professor of Economics, Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass, USA. |  | February 2004 Poverty and equity: Do health systems matter? by Ravi Rannan-Eliya, Director, Health Policy Programme, Institute of Policy Studies, Colombo, Sri Lanka. |  | January 2004 Where to Next for Health Sector Reform by Professor Marc Roberts, Professor of Political Economy, Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard University School of Public Health, Harvard University. |  | December 2003 Achieving Better Health Outcomes in Developing Countries through Public-Private Partnerships by Harvey E. Bale, Director General of the International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Associations, IFPMA. |  | November 2003 WDR 2004: Making Services Work for Poor People by Shanta Devarajan, Director of the World Development Report 2004, and Chief Economist in the Human Development Network. |  | October 2003 "Mobilization of Domestic and Donor Resources for Health" by Jeffrey Sachs, Professor of Economics, International and Public Affairs, and Health Policy and Management Director, The Earth Institute at Columbia University. |  | September 2003 "The Role of Generics and Local Industry in Attaining the Millennium Development Goals in Pharmaceuticals and Vaccines" by Juan Rovira, Senior Health Economist, Health Nutrition and Population, The World Bank. |  | August 2003 "Funding Health Care: Options for Europe" by Anna Dixon, Research Associate, European Observatory on Health Care Systems and Lecturer in European Health Policy currently on secondment to the Department of Health, London. |  | July 2003 "Institutions and Organizations Matter" by Bill Savedoff, Senior Economist, Social Programs and Sustainable Development Department, Inter-American Development Bank. | | June 2003 "Globalization and Health Economics" by Richard Scheffler, Distinguished Professor of Health Economics and Public Policy University of California Berkeley. |  | May 2003 "The Economic Consequences of Tobacco: Dispelling the Myths" by Kenneth E. Warner, Avedis Donabedian Distinguished University Professor of Public Health, University of Michigan. |  | April 2003 "Toward Solving the Analytic Enigma of Health System Finance; A Fuzzy Logic Approach" by Dov Chernichovsky, Professor of Health Economics and Policy, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Israel; and Scholar in Residence 2002-03, The World Bank. | | March 2003 "Health and Poverty: What's the Problem? What to Do?" by Adam Wagstaff, Lead Economist, Development Research Group and Health, Nutrition and Population Network, The World Bank and Professor of Economics, University of Sussex. | , Professor of Health Services, University of California, Los Angeles School of Public Health. | | January 2003 "Health Sector Reform in Developing Countries" by Peter Berman, Professor of Population and International Health Economics, Harvard School of Public Health. |  | December 2002 "Better Health System for India" by Jo Ritzen, Vice President, Human Development Network, The World Bank. |  | November 2002 "Public and Private Roles in Health" by Alexander S. Preker, Chief Economist, HNP, The World Bank. |  | October 2002 "Social Re Insurance" by Nicholas Barr, Professor of Economics, London School of Economics. |
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