Indonesia

BASIC FACTS

• August 2003: first reported outbreak. Since then, virus H5N1 is considered endemic in 22 out of 33 provinces. 
   
• July 2005: first documented cases of human infection.
   
• August 2005: HPAI infection had resulted in more than 10 million poultry deaths in several severe oubreaks (August 2003-March 2004, March-December 2004, and January 2005-April 2005.) 
   
• February-March 2006: High numbers of poultry deaths continued to be recorded in Central and East Java.
   
• May 2006: A family cluster of six cases from the village of Kubu Sembelang in the Karo district of North Sumatra was recorded. Five were confirmed dead. 
    
• As of March 2007, there have been 81 cases and 63 confirmed deaths. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

COUNTRY PROGRAM

 

Both the Ministry of Health (MOH) and the Ministry of Agriculture are in the process of preparing National Preparedness Plans. Indonesiahas adopted a nine-point strategy for the control of HPAI focused on the sectors of small-scale independent producers and village and backyard producers which are considered to be the highest risk because of low bio-security and high-risk animal husbandry practices. This strategy includes vaccination, animal and human health surveillance, and depopulation.

 

MOH has also been very involved in preparing for a possible outbreak in the human population and in investigating those deaths that have occurred. Technical assistance has been very important in strengthening these responses and in making plans for future activities. In the medium-term, strengthening the current effort will require significant additional resources as surveillance is maintained and the epidemic in the avian population controlled and reduced. If human cases occur in significant numbers there will be a vast increase in resource requirement as surveillance is enhanced and control measures, including isolation and treatment, put in place.

 

The Avian and Human Influenza Control and Preparedness Project for Indonesia is currently in the pipeline, with a planned total cost of US$80 million. Most recently, on August 24, 2006, the World Bank agreed with the government of Indonesia and key partners on the details of  a US$15 million grant  to control avian flu and provide compensation for culling and vaccines. The preparation of this  grant was announced on September 16, 2006 at a media conference on the sidelines of the annual meetings of the Bank and the IMF in Singapore.

 

Also in Indonesia, the Bank has already provided US$200,000 to the National Committee on Avian Influenza Control and Pandemic Influenza Preparedness, and US$130,000 to study options to restructure the poultry farming and marketing systems to reduce disease risks.

 

Also read:
World Bank: US$15 Million Avian Flu Grant for Indonesia (press release, September 16, 2006)

Important Agreement between Government and International Specialists on the Path Forward in Fighting Avian Influenza in Indonesia (press release, August 25, 2006)

Indonesia's Response to Avian Influenza (33kb pdf), October 2005