The issue of improved hygiene and sanitation especially in the Ger areas in Ulaanbaatar is an emerging problem affecting the population. It is especially so for the poor families, which have no access to the centralized water and sewerage service system. The population growth, resulting from in-migration in Ulaanbaatar has resulted in the urbanization of poverty, generally concentrated in the Ger areas. This further deteriorated the hygiene and sanitation situation affecting the health of the population, especially children. The morbidity pattern reveals high rate of water-borne and poor environment related diseases, such as, diarrhea and hepatitis A, particularly among children. The City authorities of Ulaanbaatar in their effort to upgrade the living environment in the Ger areas have continuously searched for strategies and programs that can help improve the hygiene and sanitation practices. Various bilateral and multilateral agencies, in collaboration with national and local governments have tested different approaches to address the problem. Lessons learned indicate that the community-based demand-creation strategy appears to be most promising and appropriate especially in the Ger areas of the City. The Bank is supporting the Municipality of Ulaanbaatar to address these issues through the Second Ulanbaatar Urban Services Improvement Project, a five-year program, which aims to improve the hygiene and sanitation services in the Ger areas. Under this project, a study on low cost sanitation has been completed. Some of the main recommendations of the study include establishing of policy framework, institutional arrangements and coordination mechanism, as well as developing appropriate low cost sanitation technologies. Lessons learned will help better national policy formulation, improved program planning and budgeting. The study together with manuals and toolkit are presented below: The Hygiene and Sanitation Situation Report for Ger Areas provides the synopsis of the current conditions in the country, specifically in the Ger-areas of Ulaanbaatar, as well as in Mongolia as a whole.This document was put together by various stakeholders including communities through individual meetings, consultative workshops and community dialogue. It describes the overall situation on hygiene and sanitation prevailing in the country – specifically for the Ger areas in Ulaanbaatar. The document guided the stakeholders in designing and developing the set of manuals on hygiene and sanitation recommended for use to all field implementers in undertaking hygiene and sanitation activities.
The Manual on Promotion of Hygiene and Sanitation in Ger Areas is a guidebook for workers in undertaking the community-based demand creation methodology. It provides the step-by-step process that can guide workers in influencing the behavior and decision of families and communities to adopt desirable hygienic practices and improved sanitation.
The Community Dialogue Tool Kit for Ger Areas is a set of illustrated materials to be used by the workers to undertake the community-based demand creation methodology on hygiene and sanitation.
The Manual on Low Cost Sanitation Technologies for Ger Areas provides various latrine options in building sanitary latrines based on the needs and capability of the families and the communities.
This report is prepared in collaboration with the Government of the City of Ulaanbaatar and is funded by the Bank-Netherlands Water Partnership, January 2006. Download the reports:
 Hygiene and Low Cost Sanitation Improvement for the Urban Poor in Ulanbaatar - feature story (372kb pdf)
Status Report (788kb pdf)
Manual on Promotion of Hygiene and Sanitation in Ger Areas (1.4mb pdf)
Manual on Low-Cost Sanitation Technologies for Ger Areas (3.8mb pdf) |
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