Overview
In the early years following the break-up of the Communist system, people living in the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region experienced large-scale and swift economic and political changes.  These changes affected all levels of social life: society as a whole (societal level), social groups and social organizations; families and social networks; and individuals.  Throughout the region, these changes led to increased poverty, inequality, and vulnerability - and damaged the traditional means by which families and communities helped each other cope with adverse conditions.   More

Regional Differences and Challenges
The post-communist countries have been introducing reforms with different speed and directions in their social development. They are currently at various stages of reforming their social and institutional systems. In some countries (most of the EU accession countries), the “transition” phase has ended, new and effective institutions are in place, and social inclusion and cohesion issues have been dealt with successfully. More

Social Development Strategy
The fundamental objectives of World Bank activities in the Region are to reduce poverty and increase the material prosperity and social well-being of the population. Social development plays a critical role through interventions designed to lay the foundation for growth that is both equitable and sustainable.  More