Community-Driven Development. The Bank has increasingly turned to CBOs to promote local development, especially where the existing government lacks the capacity or incentive to deliver effective services. In 2000, the ECA region prepared a strategy that proposed scaling up CDD by integrating these operations into institutional reform and decentralization strategies. The Bank supports projects in which communities take responsibility for local investment or resource allocation decisions. ...more
Social Service Delivery. The World Bank supports the use of NGOs as “sub-contractors” to deliver services to communities or certain categories of citizens (e.g., poor, parents). NGOs are increasingly seen as complements of, if not replacements for, local and central governments in services that depend on strong community knowledge, flexibility, and personal commitment. ...more
Improving Governance. There are two basic kinds of CSOs that help strengthen governance. First, “watchdog” organizations expose and prevent corruption by public sector officials and employees. Second, CSOs that monitor public sector programs evaluate performance, such as the quality and distribution of government services, and circulate that information to the media and the broader public. ...more
Policy Formulation. Substantive participation in decisions about economic reform is one of the frontiers of the World Bank’s involvement with civic engagement in ECA. Given that about half of all ECA operations are adjustment loans, the limited role of civic engagement in policy dialogue represents a serious challenge. ...more
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