|
|
|
|
Tomsk oblast
|
|
|
|
|
|
Database
"Regions of Russia" |  | | Type of Subject | Tomskaya Oblast | | Federal Okrug | Siberian Federal District | | Economic Region | West Siberian economic region |
|
| ааа | | | | Flag |  | | Coat of Arms |  | | Administrative Center | Tomsk | | Largest Settlements | Seversk
Strezhevoi
Asino | | Federal Okrug | Siberian | | Economic Region | West Siberian | | Language | Russian | | Governor/President | Viktor Kress | | Area | | | - Total | 316 900 km² | | - % water | 0,4 | | Population | | | - Total | 1 036 550 | | - Density | 3,3 per./km² | | GRP, mln. Rub. | 146,968.10 | | GRP, mln. USD | 5,718.6$ | | GRP per capita, Rub. | 141,499.0 | | GRP per capita, USD | 5,505.8$ | | Time Zone | GMT +6 | | Official web-page | http://www.tomsk.gov.ru/ | | Associated web-pages | http://www.duma.tomsk.ru/
http://www.70r.org/ |
| | TOMSK OBLAST
Geographic Situation
Tomsk Oblast is situated in the middle reaches of the Ob River, in the South-Eastern part of the West-Siberian Plain.
It borders on Tyumen Oblast and the Khanty-Mansiyski Autonomous District in the North, Kemerovo and Novosibirsk oblasts in the South, Omsk Oblast in the West, and the Krasnoyarsk Territory in the East.
History
1604 – city of Tomsk founded
1804 – Tomsk Province established
1925 – the province included into the Siberian Territory
1944 – Tomsk Oblast formed from several districts detached from Novosibirsk Oblast and the former Narym District
Population
Before the territory of the oblast was joined to Russia in the 17th century, its main population consisted of Siberian Tatars, Selkups and Khantys.
Russians constitute about 91% of the total number of the population. As regards other ethnic groups, the largest (from 2% to 0.1%) are Tatars, Ukrainians, Germans, Chuvashis, Byelorussians, Bashkirs and Jews.
The oblast is characterized by a natural population loss (death-rate exceeds birth-rate), which is not compensated by the migration inflow.
Among other problems there is the low life expectancy of the population and a wide gap between the male (60 years) and the female (72 years) life expectancy. According to the latest population census, a considerable excess of the number of women over the number of men, typical of Russia’s population, persists in Tomsk oblast.
Climate
The climate is moderately continental, cyclic, and is distinguished by considerable daily and annual variations, and a lengthy winter period. The average annual temperature is -0.6° C, the average temperature in July is +18.1° C, and in January –19.2° C. The climate in the Northern part of the oblast is harsher, and the winter season is longer.
Economics
The economics of Tomsk Oblast is based on the mining, export and processing of hydrocarbon fuel as well as the chemical industry, mechanical engineering and non-ferrous metallurgy. Recent years have witnessed an increase in the share of science-intensive production and the contribution of the research-and-educational complex into the oblast’s economy, which is a confirmation of its innovative development strategy.
Enterprises of the petroleum-extracting and chemical industries have a substantial impact on the economic status of Tomsk Oblast. They account for more than 30% of the tax inflow into the budgets of all levels. In a number of areas, petroleum extraction is the only profitable industry. Such a situation leads to excessive dependence of the region on the petroleum market.
Industry in Tomsk Oblast incorporates about 200 large and medium-size enterprises. It provides employment to 28% of the total labor force. It accounts for 55% of capital assets and about 60% of the GDP. The development of the petroleum-extracting and chemical industries has the direct effect on the development of the entire industrial sector in the oblast. The share of these industries in the oblast’s industrial output is increasing. Mechanical engineering is a sector with the highest production decline rate, which is higher than the industry’s average.
The share of mechanical engineering in the total volume of industrial output constitutes over 12%. New innovative mechanical engineering enterprises have emerged in the past decade, in addition to the large industrial enterprises that have been in operation for more than half a century. They account for one fifth of the output in the mechanical engineering sector.
Resources
Tomsk Oblast is rich in natural resources such as oil (82 deposits with a capacity of 1,449 million tons), natural gas (632 billion cu. m), ferrous and non-ferrous metals, brown coal (74.7 billion tons – the largest reserve in Russia), peat (the second largest reserve in Russia) and groundwater. The oblast is the site of the Bakchar iron ore deposit, one of the largest in the world, with a total reserve of 90 billion tons (57% of all Russia’s iron ore). There are numerous deposits of raw materials used for the production of construction materials such as clay, sand, limestone, shale and gravel. In the middle reaches of the Ob River there are mineralized groundwater deposits at a depth of 1,100-2,250 m. Springs of radon water well out near the city of Tomsk. Besides that, there are prospected reserves of kaolin, refractory clay, glass and ilmenite-zircon sand (ilmenite – 3.4 million tons, zircon – 1,380,000 tons), leucoxene and rutile (800,000 tons), bauxites, brown coal, zinc, gold, platinum and titanium [3].
Forests are one of the most significant natural resources in the oblast, accounting for about 20% (more than 26.7 million hectares) of all forest resources in Western Siberia.
Peculiarities of the Region
Most of the oblast’s territory lies in difficult to access taiga areas (forests occupy 63% of the oblast’s territory) and marshlands (28.9% of the territory including the world’s largest Vasyugan bog).
Tomsk is called ‘Siberian Athens’ mostly due to the availability of six universities including the oldest Tomsk State University founded in 1978, two institutes and 15 branches of institutes headquartered in other cities. The total student body is over 80,000, and students are trained in 200 professions. |
World Bank Projects in the Region
Project Name (ID) | Date Approved | Status | Loan Amount | | Electricity Sector Reform Support Project (ID P050891) | June 5, 1997 | Active | $40 mln |
Economic and Social Development Indicators
| | in USD | | Population | 1 036 550,0 | | | Natality | -3918 | | | Unemployed, thousands people | 23,2 | | | Living Wage, Rub. | 3,212.0 | 125.0$ | | Average Monthly Salary, Rub. | 7,972.2 | 310.2$ | | Number of general education institutions | 448 | | | Number of high education institutions | 9 | | | Number of students in general education institutions, thousands people | 114,4 | | | Number of students in high education institutions, thousands people | 90,1 | | | Quantity of doctors per 10,000 persons | 65,5 | | | GRP, mln. Rub. | 146,968.1 | 5,718.6$ | | GRP per capita, Rub. | 141,499.0 | 5,505.8$ | | Share of Industry in GRP, % | 45,5 | | | Share of Agriculture in GRP, % | 3,4 | | | Share of Trade in GRP, % | 8,6 | | | Retail Trade Turnover, mln. Rub. | 36,714.4 | 1,428.6$ | | Investment in Fixed Capital, mln. Rub. | 23810.3 | 926.5$ | | Consumer Price Index, % | 111,1 | | | Budget: | | | | - Incomes | 26,093,789,598.2 | 1,015,322,552.5$ | | - Costs | 27,289,708,456.2 | 1,061,856,360.2$ | | - Proficit/Deficit | -1,195,918,858.0 | -46,533,807.7$ | | State Obligations, Rub. | 1,400,000,000.0 | 54,474,708.2$ | | Credits from credit institutions, Rub. | 4,426,070,400.0 | 172,220,638.1$ | | EBRD Credits, mln. Rub. | 0.0 | 0.0$ |
Sources: Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, 2005
Federal Treasure of the Russian Federation (Russian Treasury)
www.ebrd.com - The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
Investment & Credit Ratings
| RA «Expert» | Investment Rating - 3B1
Insignificant Potential - Moderate Risk | | Fitch Ratings: | N/a | | Moody's: | N/a | | Standard & Poor's: | N/a |
Biographies
Kress Victor Melkhiorovich
Governor of Tomsk Oblast
Born in 1948 in Kostroma Oblast
1971 – graduated from the Novosibirsk Agricultural Institute
1990 – deputy to the Oblast Council of People’s Deputies; Chairman later that year
1991 – Head of Administration of Tomsk Oblast
1993 – member of the Council of the Federation, Federal Assembly of the RF (member of the committee for science, culture, education, healthcare and environment of the Council of the Federation)
1995 – re-elected Head of Administration of Tomsk Oblast
1998-2001 – headed the inter-regional association ‘Siberian Agreement’; was a member of the Presidium of the Russian Government; was a member of the Board of Directors of the ‘United Power Grid of Russia’ RJSC twice; headed an inter-departmental group on reforming the power engineering sector
1999 – re-elected Governor of Tomsk Oblast
2003 – re-elected Governor of Tomsk Oblast
Map of the Region
|
|
|
|
|
RSS