The authorities and the World Bank have begun work on a new CPS for 2012-2015, in support of President Yanukovych’s ambitious program of economic and social reforms. The new CPS will be conscious of implementation difficulties and the resistance of strong vested interests against reforms, as well as the general reform fatigue among the population. Lessons learned from the existing engagement call for upstream political economy diagnostics, capacity building and selectivity to mitigate implementation risks and a strengthened program of activities with non-government stakeholders to build greater consensus for reform and demand for improved governance. The new CPS is expected to be finalized in early 2012.