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The three goals of social protection are: (1) consumption smoothing – helping households to save for old age and to insure against short-term risks (unemployment, terms-of-trade shocks, disease, natural disasters, etc; (2) poverty prevention – improving equity by helping the poorest households to achieve a minimum level of consumption and obtain access to basic services such as health and education; and (3) human capital promotion – helping individuals to ugrade skills and access better jobs and earnings opportunities, thus reducing their dependency on public support and allowing them to better self-insure. The core social protection programs are pensions; health insurance/national health services; targeted income support (i.e., safety nets); and income protection and active labor market interventions.
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