References Cited Alex, G., W. Zijp, and D. Byerlee. 2002. “Rural Extension and Advisory Services: New Directions.” Rural Development Strategy Background Paper 9. World Bank, Washington, DC. Alston, J. M., C. Chan-Kang, M. C. Marra, P. G. Pardey, and T.J. Wyatt. 2000. A Meta-Analysis of Rates of Return to Agricultural R&D: Ex Pede Herculem? Research Report 113. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). Ameur, C. 1994. “Agricultural Extension: A Step Beyond the Next Step.” Technical Paper 247. World Bank, Washington, DC. Antholt, C. 1994. “Getting Ready for the Twenty-First Century: Technical Change and Institutional Modernization in Agriculture.” Technical Paper 217. World Bank, Washington, DC. Beynon, J., S. Akroyd, A. Duncan, and S. Jones. 1998. Financing the Future: Options for Agricultural Research and Extension in Sub-Saharan Africa. Oxford: Oxford Policy Management. Cleaver, K. 1993. “A Strategy to Develop Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa and a Focus for the World Bank.” Technical Paper 203. World Bank, Washington, DC. Evenson, R. 1997. “The Economic Contributions of Agricultural Extension to Agricultural and Rural Development.” In B. E. Swanson, R. P. Bentz, and A. J. Sofranko (eds.), Improving Agricultural Extension: A Reference Manual. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). 2000. “The Role of Information and Communication Technologies in Rural Development and Food Security.” Workshop Report. FAO, Rome. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) and World Bank. 2000. Agricultural Knowledge and Information Systems for Rural Development: Strategic Vision and Guiding Principles. ” Rome and Washington, DC: FAO and World Bank. Feder, G., R. Murgai, and J. B. Quizon. 2003. “Sending Farmers Back to School: The Impact of Farmer Field Schools in Indonesia.” Policy Research Working Paper 3022. World Bank, Washington, DC. Gautam, M. 2000. Agricultural Extension: The Kenya Experience: An Impact Evaluation. World Bank Operations Evaluation Study. Washington, DC: World Bank. Perraton, H., D. T. Jamison, J. Jenkins, F. Orivel, and L. Wolft. 1983. “Basic Education and Agricultural Extension: Costs, Effects, and Alternatives.” Staff Working Paper 564. World Bank, Washington, DC. Purcell, D. L., and J. R. Anderson. 1997. Agricultural Research and Extension: Achievements and Problems in National Systems. World Bank Operations Evaluations Study. Washington, DC: World Bank. Rivera, W. M., W. Zijp, and G. Alex. 2000. “Contracting for Extension: Review of Emerging Practice.” AKIS Good Practice Note. AKIS Thematic Team. World Bank, Washington, DC. Swanson, B. E., B. J. Farmer, and R. Bahal. 1990. “The Current Status of Agricultural Extension Worldwide.” In B. E. Swanson (ed.), Report of the Global Consultation on Agricultural Extension. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). World Bank. 2002. “Extension and Rural Development: Converging Views for Institutional Approaches?” Workshop Summary. World Bank, Washington, DC. This Overview was prepared by Gary Alex, with input from the Sustainable Agriculture (SASKI) Thematic Team of the Bank. Peer review comments were provided by David Nielson, Aleksandar Nacev, Matthias Grueninger, Jock Anderson, William Rivera, and Mary Hill Rojas. The overview was updated by Eija Pehu and Riikka Rajalahti. |
 
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